What bleach is suitable for disinfection and how to breed it?

Chlorine is a long-standing disinfectant. It is used for treating various surfaces, for cleaning a well and a pool, for disinfecting utility rooms and animal cages, and washing toilets. The effectiveness of this tool depends on how correctly it is used.

Chlorine and water

To date, not a single drug has been able to surpass the bactericidal properties of chlorine for water purification. Chlorination is still the main and most effective cleaning agent. Other methods are used in urban water utilities, but they are only an addition to chlorination and cannot independently produce the desired effect. Water in the pools is also cleaned with chlorine, the same tool is used for the well. When cleaning, it is recommended that all water filters be lowered into a chlorine solution.

For disinfection of water in pools, wells and water supply, chlorine can be used in the form of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite. Both gaseous chlorine and a solution of bleach are used. For processing pipelines and filters, a solution of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, as well as chloramine, is used.

Pool chlorination

Home pool owners rarely resort to adding chlorine based reagents. This is due to the fact that if used improperly, a specific unpleasant odor spreads, and if water enters the mucous membranes, irritation occurs. Such negative effects arise from ignorance of the dosage, improper selection of the reagent or its use without taking into account the acidity / alkalinity of the aqueous medium.

What you need to know in order for disinfection to be effective?

• The pH of the water should be between 7.2-7.6. If this parameter is not observed, chlorine is poorly soluble and the evaporation process occurs. It is he who gives the smell of bleach.
• When adding reagent, you need to take into account the temperature. The higher it is, the less chlorine will dissolve in water. For example, at a temperature of 0 ° C this indicator is 14.8 g / liter, and at 40 ° C it is only 4.6 g / liter, that is, three times less.
• After using chlorine-based reagents, at least 20 hours should pass. During this time, a complete reaction will take place in the water and it will become clean and safe.

It is impossible to indicate the exact dosage of the reagent, as various manufacturers produce products of different concentrations. Therefore, you must adhere to the instructions for use: it must be attached. At home, you can use "White." This is a solution of sodium hypochlorite, in a liter contains active chlorine at the level of 80-85 g / dm3. You can add 1 liter of “Whiteness” to the pool for every 10 cubic meters of water.

Well disinfection daily

There are two ways to disinfect a well with chlorine - continuous chlorination and a one-time disinfection. The first method is used when there is a danger of intestinal or other infections spreading through water. Usually this is a seasonal phenomenon, and it is associated with a change in the level of groundwater. At this time, disinfection must be performed daily.

It is very important not to make a mistake with the dosage. A 1% solution of bleach in the amount of 600-800 ml is added to the well if the volume of the well is 1500 liters. Pure chlorine is more concentrated, it is harder to dose, so it is not used for a well.

Tip

It is very convenient to use chlorine capsules for continuous disinfection.They are lowered to a depth of half a meter from the bottom and replaced or recharged after a month.

One-time well cleaning

Before adding chlorine, water is scooped out or pumped out of the well. Then the surface of the rings is mechanically cleaned and washed with bleach (25-30 ml of bleach per 1 liter of liquid). Next, a chlorine solution is prepared for subsequent disinfection.

To do this, you need to calculate the amount of water. The standard concrete ring (1 × 0.9 m) is 700 liters (0.7 m3) of water. In this case, it is enough to calculate the number of rings covered by water. In other cases, you need to measure the sixth depth, as well as the cross section of the well. Multiplying these indicators, you can get the volume of water. For each cubic meter, take 1 kg of bleach. It needs to be ground in a small amount of water and allowed to settle.

When the well is filled again, the clarified solution is poured into water and stirred with a bucket or pole for 15 minutes, after which the lid is closed. 8 hours water cannot be taken from this well, and after this time it is again pumped out until the smell and taste of chlorine disappear completely.

Disinfection of cages and rooms for animals and birds

Animal cells can be disinfected with chlorine-based preparations only in their absence. For example, after slaughtering a group of animals / birds and before moving new ones or if there is a possibility of resettlement in other aviaries. The frequency of processing rooms for animals or the chicken coop is 1-2 times a year.

In the chicken coop after cleaning the litter and cleaning the surface, the floor is sprinkled with bleach and a solution is prepared - 200 ml of "White" on 5 l of water. They process all the surfaces in the chicken coop - walls, gratings, perches. For rabbit enclosures, a stronger concentration is used - 400 ml per 5 liters of water. But after 8-12 hours, the treated surfaces are washed. For rooms where animals live constantly, chlorine is not recommended.

Toilet disinfection

Chlorine is indispensable for disinfecting toilets. It is used both in apartments and in "houses" - street toilets. In apartments seldom apply bleach or "White". After all, chlorine-containing household chemicals for rooms are now available, which will not immediately blow away their smell and effectively cope with bacteria. An example is Domestos, Deo-Chlorine tablets. Manufacturers always indicate how to use a particular brand, so you just need to adhere to their recommendations.

But for outdoor toilets, they often choose "nuclear" preparations with a strong smell - bleach, chloramine, at best, "White". Often these chemicals are chosen because of their low cost, and sometimes for reasons of "the stronger the smell, the better it works." In fact, modern reagents based on chlorine do not produce such “killer” aromas, but at the same time they act no worse than traditional means.

If nevertheless the usual bleach or “White” is selected as a disinfectant, it must be diluted as follows:

• "Whiteness" - a solution of 100 ml per 1 liter of water is prepared;
• chloramine - 2 g diluted in 1 liter of water;
• bleach - 100 g of lime is ground in a small amount of water and poured into the toilet hole. Dry bleach is sprinkled on the floor.

Precautionary measures

When working with any substances containing chlorine, you must use a gauze bandage and safety glasses. Any concentration of this substance in the lungs or eyes can lead to poisoning and irritation of the mucous membranes.