Types of hydrodynamic machines for cleaning sewers and features of their application

Currently, for cleaning sewer pipes with severe pollution, special installations are used - hydrodynamic machines.

Hydrodynamic machines - these are devices whose operating principle is based on the use of special nozzles (nozzles) that use water (sometimes with the addition of chemicals) under high pressure and clean and remove accumulated deposits on the walls of sewage, heating, fuel oil pipes and others, where blockages can occur .

The main manufacturers and suppliers of high pressure machines in Russia are:

• Cam Spray (USA);
• ProfTechSnab (RF);
• MASTERTOOLS – PRO (RF);
• ROTHENBERGER RUSSIA (RF);
• KROLL (Germany);
• TEC-GROUP (RF) and others.

Varieties

Hydrodynamic machines are available in three types: assembled on the basis of a car, on the basis of a trailer and mobile devices.

• Based car

These units, together with a water tank, are mounted on trucks. They are mainly used for cleaning house and network sewers with a diameter of up to 1000 mm.
The pump is driven by a car engine through a transfer case and is able to create a water pressure of about 300 atmospheres, the hose length can reach 120 m.

• Trailer Based

These devices are installed on uniaxial or biaxial automobile trailers. The pump is rotated by an internal combustion engine or electric motor. There is also a water tank.
The pump provides a pressure of about 200 atmospheres. Hose length - up to 90 m.
Such machines are able to clean channels with a diameter of up to 500 mm. They are more mobile and can be installed directly at home or in a summer residence.

• Mobile

These devices are lightweight, which allows you to transport them manually by one or two people. They are mounted on uniaxial trolleys with two wheels. They are driven by a gasoline or electric engine, during operation they are connected to the mains water supply. They are used for washing inside house sewer as well as heating pipes with a diameter of 25–250 mm.
Pump pressure - about 200 atmospheres, hose length - no more than 60 m.

Main characteristics

In the operation of installations for cleaning the drainage channels, the following characteristics are important:

• pressure - productivity and quality of work depend on its size;
• water consumption - determines the size of the pipe being cleaned;
• hose length - gives the maximum cleaning distance in one go;
• engine type (electric or ICE) - determines the place of work (indoors or outdoors);
• engine power - the larger it is, the more powerful the pump can be used and, accordingly, the larger pipe diameter can be cleaned.

Tip

To choose the right type of unit, you need to proceed from the size of the pipe and pump performance: a smaller amount may not give the desired effect, and a larger one is simply inappropriate for the consumption of water, fuel or electricity.

Table 1. Water consumption depending on the diameter of the pipeline

Device

Installation for cleaning the channels of the drain of domestic waste water consists of the following elements:

• drive - it is a diesel, gasoline or electric engine connected to the pump by a rigid or disconnectable coupling;
• pump - plunger or coaxial high pressure pumps are used;
• high-pressure working hose wound on a drum;
• nozzle with holes for pipe cleaning.

Operating principle

The operation of the hydrodynamic machine is based on the supply of water under high pressure through special nozzles (nozzles), which have openings for water outlet back and forth.

• Through holes directed forward, the blockages and deposits on the pipe walls are washed out.
• Water escaping through backward-directed openings creates jet propulsion, propelling the nozzle with the hose forward while flushing dirt from the pipe.

Due to the high pressure of the water, the accumulation of deposits on the walls of the pipelines is destroyed and they are cleaned of debris and household pollution.

Benefits

Compared with mechanical or chemical cleaning of sewers, the use of hydrodynamic machines involves a number of undoubted advantages.

• Work does not require a lot of time.

Since the particles of contaminants are immediately washed out by water, the nozzle quickly passes the area that prevents the free discharge of domestic wastewater. While cleaning with a cable to remove dirt, you need to periodically remove the tool. At the same time, sand, stones, and the remnants of mortars can remain in the place of clogging and impede the passage of the cable.

• Pipes are not damaged as from cables or chemicals.

The cable from continuous rolling in the pipelines “fluffs” into separate wires and can scratch the flesh of the channel surface until it breaks, which will lead to leakage of liquid into the room or trench where the pipe is laid. Even if the external integrity of the pipe is not broken, scratches left by the cable from the inside will further contribute to the accelerated deposition of contaminants on the walls.

• When cleaning, dust and dirt are not formed.

Since the cleaning is inside the channel and the debris is not removed to the floor of the room, it remains clean. It remains only to wipe it from drops of water. But when cleaning with a cable, garbage gets out of the canal and is removed from it on the floor or in a bucket, creating dirt.

• The nozzle is able to penetrate into pipelines of any configuration.

Because of its rigidity, the cable cannot always bend in the shape of the channel. And the use of a thinner cable will not allow to break through the compacted section of the blockage.

• Sewerage cleared of any blockages.

Regardless of the cause and degree of clogging, rinsing with water under pressure cleans not only the cavity of the pipeline, but also its walls, which contributes to a longer operation of the sewage system without cleaning.

Safety precautions

If you clean the pipelines with a unit with an internal combustion engine, you need to install it outdoors, and extend the high pressure hose with an additional sleeve.

Important!

When cleaning the sewer, be sure to use glasses to protect your eyes, as pieces of deposits or splashes of water, as well as rubber gloves and a protective vest, can fly out of the pipe opening. To illuminate the workplace, you need to use a 12-volt lamp connected via a step-down transformer, or a battery lamp.

After completing work, be sure to rinse all hoses and nozzles to prevent dirt from drying out, which can cause them to malfunction.

Cost of equipment

The price of a hydrodynamic machine for cleaning pipes depends on what base it is mounted on (car, trailer or trolley), as well as on the configuration, drive power, pump, water tank and electrical equipment.

For example, the price of auto aggregates depends on the make of the car:

• ZIL - 500 thousand rubles. and more;
• Kamaz - 3,250 thousand rubles. and more;
• URACA - from 800 thousand rubles;
• Mueller-mitteltal - from 2 000 thousand rubles;
• Isuzu - 7,000 thousand rubles. and more.

The price of installations in minibuses and caravans depends on the manufacturer of the van, the unit, drive and pump power:

• Lada Largus van - 890 thousand rubles. (F pipes - 1000 mm, hose length - 120 m);
• UAZ Profi - 1100 thousand rubles. (F pipes - 1000 mm, hose length - 120 m);
• Peugeot Partner - 1600 thousand rubles. (F pipes - 1000 mm, hose length - 90 m);
• GAZ-2705 "Poseidon Standard-2" - 1920 thousand rubles.(F pipes - 1000 mm, hose length - 120 m);
• Peugeot Boxer 330 L2H2 Poseidon Standard-2 - 2600 thousand rubles. (F pipes - 1000 mm, hose length - 120 m);
• trailer "Poseidon" - 500 thousand rubles. (F pipes - 700 mm, hose length - 90 m);
• trailer "Poseidon SUPER" - 1800 thousand rubles.

The cost of mobile installations starts from 54 thousand rubles:

• Poseidon VNA-110-12 - 53600 rubles. (F pipes: 25-150 mm, hose length - 40 m);
• RIDGID KJ-2200 - 185 thousand rubles. (F pipes: 32-150 mm, sleeve length - 61 m);
• CAM Spray EJ-CS1500A.2 - 220 thousand rubles. (F pipes: 20-150 mm, hose length - 30 m);
• Rioried MiniJet - 240 thousand rubles. (F pipes: 25-125 mm, sleeve length - 20 m);
• CAM Spray EJ-CS3500.5 - 475 thousand rubles. (F pipes: 20-300 mm, hose length - 60 m).

Tip

Not everyone can afford to buy their own machine for cleaning the sewer for one or two works a year (as recommended) because of the price or personal abilities, so it’s worth considering all the alternative solutions.

Alternatives

Now you can hire workers with a mobile or any other hydrodynamic machine who will clean the sewers relatively inexpensively. The cost of one meter of cleaning starts from 250 rubles, however, the final amount depends on the complexity of the contamination of the pipeline, its size and length.
You can rent a unit. But in such cases, there is often a very high amount of collateral, which is often equal to the cost of the installation itself.

So, based on the foregoing, you can now choose how and how to eliminate the blockage of sewage. If you have clogged sewer pipes from the common collector to the cesspool or manhole, then you will need an aggregate based on a car or trailer. You need to clean the pipeline from the plumbing fixture to the collector, then you will need a mobile installation to clean the blockage. You can rent the right device or, if the means allow, buy it in order to regularly clean the drainage system of your house or apartment.